被动语态把重点从动作执行者转向动作或承受者。在 "The email was sent yesterday." 中，邮件比发送者更重要。

连词虽然短小，却能连接单词、短语和从句，说明观点之间的关系。没有连词时，英语会显得断裂："I studied. I was tired. I finished the assignment." 使用连词后，关系更清楚："Although I was tired, I studied, and I finished the assignment."

Passive voice is a useful English structure that shifts attention from the person doing an action to the action or its receiver. In "The email was sent yesterday," the email is more important than the sender. The sentence may not even need to identify who sent it.

间接引语用于转述他人的话，而不逐字重复。它常见于对话、故事、会议、新闻和课堂。学习时可分别判断转述动词、时态、叙述视角和句子类型。

英语冠词虽然很短，却传递重要信息。"a"、"an" 和 "the" 表明名词是泛指还是特指、首次出现还是已经知道。英语也使用零冠词，即名词前不加冠词。

关系从句在一个句子中补充名词信息。在 "I met a student who speaks three languages." 中，"who speaks three languages"说明student。可先复习清晰句子结构指南。

动词时态说明动作发生的时间以及说话者如何看待该动作。它可以表达习惯、正在进行的动作、完成结果或两个时间点的联系。开始前也可阅读英语语法规则实用指南。

modal verbs表达能力、可能性、许可、建议、义务和礼貌请求。比较"I go"、"I can go," "I should go,"和"I must go."，动作相同，含义不同。基础知识请参阅英语语法完整指南。